Dr Andy Stein

What is IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)?

What is IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)? Key points about IgG4-RD and kidneys. So. What is IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)? IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), a recently recognised systemic inflammatory disorder, generally presents as a mass-forming lesion, or lesions, or organ enlargement It is characterised by tissue infiltration with lymphocytes and IgG4-secreting plasma cells (IgG4+PC), various degrees of fibrosis (scarring)

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What are the 5 stages of diabetic nephropathy (and treatments)?

What are the 5 stages of diabetic nephropathy (and treatments)? There are 5 stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This is called the Mogensen classification of diabetic nephropathy. DN Stage 1. Hyperfiltration Years from diagnosis – at onset Urinary dipstick – negative uACR (lab urine test) – normal, i.e. < 3 mg/mmol GFR – increased (>150

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Does doctors behaviour affect patient satisfaction?

Does doctors behaviour affect patient satisfaction? This statement must seem so obviously true. But is there any evidence for it? Lilly, 2023 looked at which doctor behaviours are found useful by patients, and improve their experience. Why is this important? Patient satisfaction with their doctor is an essential component of healthcare, affecting health outcomes. This study

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