Dr Andy Stein

What is APOL1-mediated kidney disease (AMKD)?

What is APOL1-mediated kidney disease (AMKD)? The APOL1 gene is part of the APOL gene family, which plays a role in immunity, our body’s built-in system to fight threats. We all have the APOL1 gene, and it’s present in many tissues, including the kidneys. APOL1 stands for apolipoprotein L1. Over the past 3,000 to 10,000 years, the gene evolved in

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APOL1 kidney risk variants and long-term kidney function in healthy middle-aged Black individuals

APOL1 kidney risk variants and long-term kidney function in healthy middle-aged Black individuals Black patients with kidney disease carrying 2 variants of the apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene (referred to as ‘low-risk; and ‘high-risk’ genotypes), experience an accelerated decline in kidney function, if they develop CKD. It is unknown whether these genotypes negatively affects kidney function

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What is sickle cell nephropathy (SCN)?

What is sickle cell nephropathy (SCN)? In this article, we will describe what is sickle cell nephropathy (SCN). Sickle cell nephropathy (SCN) is a group of renal complications of sickle cell disease (SCD) that include: haematuria, proteinuria, renal papillary necrosis, renal tubular disorders, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), sickle cell glomerulopathy, and

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