How does the glomerulus work? A glomerulus is a tiny filter in the kidney. There are a million in each kidney. In other words the kidney is not one big filter, it is a million tiny ones. The first step in making urine is to separate the liquid part of your blood (plasma), which contains […]
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Can CKD be cured? There is no cure for chronic kidney disease (CKD) – in most patients. But it can be treated. Treatment can help relieve the symptoms and stop it getting worse. In other words, for most people with CKD, once it has started, they always have it. Though in a small number of
Healthy eating for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) What is the best diet for CKD patients? There is no such thing as a ‘CKD diet’. But in this article we will cover: ‘CKD diet’? What should a kidney patient eat? Healthy CKD diet CKD diet restriction CKD fluid restriction. 1. There is no such
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What is a healthy lifestyle for CKD patients? There are many things you can do to maintain a healthy lifestyle if you have CKD. The following advice will help control your CKD, and improve symptoms. In this article, we will go through the following things, which you can do to help yourself: Have a healthy
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Which SGLT2i is best for CKD? There is not a best one. They all have a major beneficial effect for most patients with CKD. Let;s start with some background. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (or SGLT2is or ‘gliflozins’) are commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes (DM2). You may be prescribed it to take one its
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In a recent paper by Gandhi, 2023, a patient with COVAN (COVID-19-associated nephropathy) was described. The term ‘COVAN’ has been used to describe collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in people who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. This helps differentiate it from the majority of cases of acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients, which are typically
What is HIVAN (HIV-associated nephropathy)? History AIDS was first reported in 1981.The first reported cases of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) were described in 1984. Thus it was described early in the HIV epidemic in the USA, especially in urban centers serving large numbers of HIV-positive people of African descent. In the early 1990’s, HIVAN was the
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What is fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)? Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a rare medical condition. It is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory vascular disease leading to arterial stenosis (blockage), aneurysm (abnormal bulges) and dissection (splitting) of small- to medium-sized arteries. The most frequently affected arteries are renal (75- 80%) and cervical arteries (75%); but FMD has also been reported
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What are kidney cysts? Kidney cysts are round pouches of fluid that form on or in the kidneys. Most often, kidney cysts are a type called simple kidney cysts. Simple kidney cysts aren’t cancer and rarely cause problems. It is not clear what causes simple kidney cysts. And its normal to have 3 or more
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AKI in patients with COVID-19, influenza, and RSV: age, comorbidities and outcomes Why this important? Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is known to be a complication of moderate-severe COVID-19. This may be partly due to penetration of kidney cells by the virus through something called the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 receptor. Nevertheless, other common
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