What is the NICE kidney failure risk equation (KFRE)? The Kidney Failure Risk Equation is the most accurate and efficient way of finding your risk of needing dialysis or a kidney transplant. This is the calculator. You will need 4 pieces of information: Age Gender eGFR (kidney function) ACR (estimate of protein in the urine). Other […]
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Renal medical history taking We will now describe renal medical history taking. As with all medical history taking .. Listen to your patient, he is telling you the diagnosis”. Dr William Osler (1849-1919) .. and 90% of the diagnosis is in the medical history. Full stop. It is important to ask questions about all of the
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How much water should I drink a day? There is no normal water intake. That youngsters carry around 5L cans of caffeine loaded hi energy cyber pop is, frankly a. silly and b. unnecessary. To answer this question properly, you need to know three facts. Bladder volume – the human bladder volume is 300 (200-400) mls
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21 seconds Interestingly, mammals empty their bladders on average for 21 seconds (standard deviation 13 seconds), despite a difference in bladder volume from 0.15 ml (mouse bladder) and 300 ml (human) to 18 L (elephant) and 300 L (blue whale). Oh yes, the blue whale heart is 200 kg. This is called the Law of
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The bladder is a small organ located in the pelvis and is responsible for storing and releasing urine. It is triangular and hollow, and stores about 300 (range 200-400) mls of urine – a can of coke. The bladder has a smooth muscular wall – called the detrusor muscle – that allows it to get
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) – the basics This article is largely written for health professionals. We will now describe the basics of AKI and its management. Overview Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be defined as a rapid loss of renal function over hours or days. AKI is a very common medical condition affecting 20% of emergency hospital
CKD – the basics (for health professionals) This article is largely written for health professionals. We will now go through the basics of CKD and its management. Definition An estimated or measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <60 mL/min – that is present for at least three months with or without evidence of kidney damage;
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What is the normal number of times to wee and poo a day? In this article we will describe what is the normal number of times to wee and poo a day. The short answer is .. there is no ‘normal’ number of times to wee and poo a day. There is a normal range
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Lyndon Baines Johnson – often referred to by his initials ‘LBJ’ – was the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He previously served as the 37th vice president from 1961 to 1963 under President John F. Kennedy, and was sworn in shortly after Kennedy’s assassination. LBJ In 1948, Johnson was running
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10 top tips to manage CKD CKD may not (usually) be curable but there is alot you can do. This is what this article is all about. Here goes, we start with a summary Key Points Make sure CKD is detected early and a clear cause is identified Keep your blood pressure down Treat your
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