The bladder is a small organ located in the pelvis and is responsible for storing and releasing urine. It is triangular and hollow, and stores about 300 (range 200-400) mls of urine – a can of coke. The bladder has a smooth muscular wall – called the detrusor muscle – that allows it to get […]
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) – the basics This article is largely written for health professionals. We will now describe the basics of AKI and its management. Overview Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be defined as a rapid loss of renal function over hours or days. AKI is a very common medical condition affecting 20% of emergency hospital
CKD – the basics (for health professionals) This article is largely written for health professionals. We will now go through the basics of CKD and its management. Definition An estimated or measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <60 mL/min – that is present for at least three months with or without evidence of kidney damage;
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What is the normal number of times to wee and poo a day? In this article we will describe what is the normal number of times to wee and poo a day. The short answer is .. there is no ‘normal’ number of times to wee and poo a day. There is a normal range
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Lyndon Baines Johnson – often referred to by his initials ‘LBJ’ – was the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He previously served as the 37th vice president from 1961 to 1963 under President John F. Kennedy, and was sworn in shortly after Kennedy’s assassination. LBJ In 1948, Johnson was running
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10 top tips to manage CKD CKD may not (usually) be curable but there is alot you can do. This is what this article is all about. Here goes, we start with a summary Key Points Make sure CKD is detected early and a clear cause is identified Keep your blood pressure down Treat your
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10 risk factors for CKD Keep track of your kidney data with PKB First of all, how common is CKD (chronic kidney disease)? CKD is common, affecting around 1 in 10 of the population. Fortunately only 1 in 100 of them (i.e. 1 in 1000 of the population) go on to need dialysis or a
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10 kidney cancer facts Here are ten facts about kidney cancer. 1. Kidney cancer – includes cancers of the outer kidney (90%; cortex and medulla), inner kidney (5%; pelvis, drainage system) and the ureter (5%). Most outer kidney cancers are adenocarcinomas (or renal cell carcinomas, RCCs). Most inner kidney and ureter cancers are transitional cell
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What is proteinuria (protein in urine)? A small amount of protein in the urine is normal. But higher levels of protein in urine (proteinuria) are almost always a sign of kidney disease (CKD, or AKI). The kidneys are the bodys’ dustmen. They remove waste (from food), water and salts from the blood. Protein is normally
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These are the blood, urine and x-ray tests that should be done for most patients with mores severe AKI. Blood tests Full blood count (FBC) Haemoglobin (Hb; red cells). The normal range of Hb = 130-170 g/L (men), 110-150 g/L (women). A low Hb (called anaemia) is a feature of more severe AKI. White cells
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