Other renal conditions

Haematuria (blood in the urine) Haematuria means blood in the urine. If it is ‘microscopic’, this means something is so small that it can only be seen through a microscope. So, if you have microscopic haematuria, you have red blood cells in your urine that cannot be seen with the naked eye. In microscopic haematuria […]

Prostate cancer: symptoms, causes, treatment In this article we will describe 10 prostate cancer facts, and its symptoms, causes, and treatment. 1. Common cancer in men Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide, after skin cancer. It primarily affects older men, with the average age of diagnosis being around 65 years.

What is nephrotic syndrome? In this article we will describe what is nephrotic syndrome. 1. Definition Nephrotic syndrome occurs when there are high levels of protein in the urine (proteinuria). Nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed by a triad of: A urine ACR of over 220 mg/mmol A low albumin level (less than 30 g/L) in the

10 UTI facts In this article we will describe 10 facts about UTIs. Most urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a simple illness, irritating but does not make you that unwell – and respond well to antibiotics. But they can, occasionally, be serious or even life-threatening – and require hospital admission. 1. What is a UTI?

In this article we will describe 10 recurrent UTI facts. Let’s start with the basics. 1. Definition of recurrent UTIs Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are defined as 3 or more episodes of infection during a 12 month period. Doctors call these ‘recurrent’ UTIs. 2. What is a UTI? A urinary tract infection (UTI) is

The prostate gland is present only in males. It is situated just underneath the bladder and surrounds the initial portion of urethra. The prostate gland begins to enlarge after the age of 50 years. An enlarged prostate gland compresses the urethra and causes problems in urination particularly in elderly males. Here are 10 facts about

Renal medical history taking We will now describe renal medical history taking. As with all medical history taking .. Listen to your patient, he is telling you the diagnosis”. Dr William Osler (1849-1919) .. and 90% of the diagnosis is in the medical history. Full stop. It is important to ask questions about all of the

21 seconds Interestingly, mammals empty their bladders on average for 21 seconds (standard deviation 13 seconds), despite a difference in bladder volume from 0.15 ml (mouse bladder) and 300 ml (human) to 18 L (elephant) and 300 L (blue whale). Oh yes, the blue whale heart is 200 kg. This is called the Law of

The bladder is a small organ located in the pelvis and is responsible for storing and releasing urine. It is triangular and hollow, and stores about 300 (range 200-400) mls of urine – a can of coke. The bladder has a smooth muscular wall – called the detrusor muscle – that allows it to get